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From Certificates to Belief Statements: The CPS and the Limits of Forum Bar Intervention
Rebecca Niblock
In July 2024 the OfS published guidance on a new condition of registration dealing specifically with harassment and sexual misconduct. That condition, ‘E6’, came into force on 1 August 2025. As such, universities and colleges have had a year to ensure they comply.
This is the first step towards creating a unified approach to higher education providers’ handling of this sensitive issue, but does it go far enough?
The condition requires providers to:
You would think that some of these are obvious, such as recommending a ban on intimate relationships between staff and students, but this is the first time a regulatory requirement has been put in place which deals specifically with this issue and still, some might say it isn’t perfect.
The guidance states that support must be provided to students involved in an incident of harassment and/or sexual misconduct, to include during an investigation and decision-making process, but does not specify where that support should come from i.e. whether it be internal or external. In our experience of representing students who have had a complaint made against them, it can very quickly feel like the university/college has taken the side of the reporter. An example being restrictive interim sanctions being imposed for the duration of the investigation, often putting them at a disadvantage academically and socially before anything has been evidenced, proven or decided. As such, any internal support offered by the provider e.g. their welfare officer, can feel like a box ticking exercise as opposed to genuine support. In one extreme example, our client spoke openly about the subject of a complaint/investigation to the university staff member assigned to support him, who then reported back to the investigator. The information our client had shared was included in the investigation report.
The OfS guidance includes definitions of harassment and sexual misconduct, however, it doesn’t go as far as to stipulate that providers use the same definitions in their individual policies. It also states that the staff/people responsible for investigating and decision making should be appropriately trained but does not specify what that training should entail or a single external training provider. Although this condition of registration is a step in the right direction, a single policy and process should be in place across all universities and colleges in England which would prevent the postcode lottery that currently exists. That is the only way to ensure that the process is fair and reflective of the principles of natural justice.
There is also the broader concern of whether higher education providers should be conducting these investigations at all. When a complaint is made of behaviour which amounts to a criminal offence, it is a curious and dangerous anomaly that leaves a panel of students and academic staff to decide what is right or wrong. Added to the procedural unfairness we often observe, it is the wild west of justice/inquisitorial processes. The implications of an adverse decision can be life changing and far reaching but can be mitigated by obtaining independent advice as soon as possible if a complaint is made against you.
Laura is a key member of Kingsley Napley’s Criminal Defence team. She represents clients in a range of cases involving serious and general crime. The main focus of her work is in criminal defence and police investigations, and she has particular experience of defending allegations of a sexual nature.
In June the Ministry of Justice announced new legislation under the Victims and Prisoners Act 2024 which affects NDAs and confidentiality clauses.* Related guidance, published at the beginning of June, sets out the impact of this legislation on the enforceability of such agreements.
In July 2024 the Office for Students (OfS) published guidance on a new condition of registration dealing specifically with harassment and sexual misconduct. That condition, ‘E6’, comes into force on 1 August 2025. As such, universities and colleges have had a year to ensure they comply.
As we await the release of the Netflix series Adolescence this evening by award winning writer Jack Thorne, I am interested to see how the series will deal with very real, yet often publicly unheard problems of how our criminal justice system, in particular the police, manage children who are alleged to have committed serious offences.
In a landmark case, Nicholas Hawkes, from Basildon, Essex, has become the first person to be convicted and imprisoned in England and Wales for the criminal offence of cyber-flashing. This historic verdict marks a significant moment in the life of the Online Safety Act 2023 (OSA), which aims to combat digital harassment and safeguard online communities.
We act for students in respect of investigations and related matters. One of the factors that organisations often overlook is the effect the pressure of education, let alone disciplinary issues, have on individuals. Recent cases have highlighted a call for action to ensure the mental wellbeing of students is appropriately safeguarded.
The police are undertaking the first reported investigation into a “virtual rape”, which is said to have taken place in the metaverse. This case brings to the forefront a number of questions around the adequacy of the UK’s current legislation surrounding sexual offences, and whether it can cater to behaviours taking place in the metaverse.
Research reveals overwhelmingly negative experiences of the care system for victims and perpetrators of youth violence.
In March 2023, His Majesty’s Inspectorate of Constabulary and Fire & Rescue Services (HMICFRS) commissioned research on the lived experiences of those who have committed – or experienced – serious youth violence. The findings were published alongside HMICFRS’s report into the policing of these issues and as cross-disciplinary calls increase for a rethink of how serious youth violence is tackled. In a follow-up to his previous blog, Paul Egunjobi looks at the findings.
On 8th March 2023, His Majesty’s Inspectorate of Constabulary and Fire & Rescue Services (HMICFRS) published a report examining how well the police tackle serious youth violence. We look at the report and one of the issues it has highlighted: how Violence Reduction Units (VRUs) are used, and how effectively the police work with VRUs and other partner organisations.
Long delays are an all-too familiar part of the criminal justice system. As highlighted in the recent case of BH v Norwich Youth Court, those delays can have a significant impact on young people, particularly when a defendant turns 18 during the long process. An imminent change in the law may improve the situation but there are wider issues to be solved, too. Partner Sandra Paul and paralegal Emma McGrath look at the issues.
Amid increased focus on the regulation of cryptoassets in the UK, law enforcement agencies have carried out unprecedented raids targeting illegally-operated cryptocurrency ATMs.
A damning report published by His Majesty’s Inspectorate of Constabulary and Fire & Rescue Services (HMICFRS) has found police forces to be “overwhelmed and ineffective” in relation to digital forensics. The HMICFRS found that there were more than 25,000 devices waiting to be examined – and this is without taking into account all the devices already in the system.
It’s the knock on the door that parent fear, or is it just me? Thankfully, the Courts have provided some valuable guidance about this nightmare scenario.
There are many reasons the police may want to speak to your child, but few occasions where the reason might be urgent enough to justify an unannounced visit and an arrest.
The aftermath of the death of George Floyd and the strength of feeling surrounding the Black Lives Matter movement should provide Police forces in the UK with a reason to re-assess their relationships with the communities that they serve.
Once an allegation is made against a student (or member of academic staff), either by another student, a member of staff or someone outside the university, it is important that that the University takes stock of the issue and acts carefully to ensure fairness to all parties.
University providers owe a duty of care towards staff members and students; this duty takes on particular significance during a disciplinary process and it is essential that Universities provide appropriate and relevant information and support to all parties involved in allegations of misconduct.
What happens when a complaint is made to a University about the conduct of a student or a member of academic staff? What should the procedures for the resolution of these complaints look like and how can all parties be reassured that such allegations will be resolved fairly?
At last week’s Westminster Higher Education (HE) Conference, speakers from Student Unions, Universities, to regulators and law firms discussed how best to tackle sexual violence and harassment in high education, including how to change campus culture and improve complaints and disciplinary processes. This blog summarises those discussions and reflects on where the sector’s key focus areas should be now.
Props are well known for their fondness of the ‘dark arts’ of Rugby, but over the weekend (7 March 2020) the England prop Joe Marler went a step further. In this blog, Matthew Hardcastle looks at the situation and explains whether it should be considered sexual assault or not.
The recent acquittal of our client, Oritsé Williams, once again puts a spotlight on the prosecution of rape and serious sexual offences, and the particular complexities faced by high profile individuals defending allegations of this nature.
The Serious Fraud Office (SFO) was established to investigate and prosecute cases involving serious or complex fraud, a mission that inevitably leads it to the corporate sector. In 2010, it was given two significant tools in dealing with companies: a simple route to corporate criminal liability for bribery cases in the Bribery Act 2010 (the stick); and a means of incentivising a company fixed with corporate criminal liability to co-operate with the SFO by entering into a deferred prosecution agreement (DPA) and so avoiding a conviction (the carrot).
We welcome views and opinions about the issues raised in this blog. Should you require specific advice in relation to personal circumstances, please use the form on the contact page.
Or call +44 (0)20 7814 1200
Rebecca Niblock
Alun Milford
Louise Hodges
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